Optimal control problems are pervasive across numerous disciplines, including engineering, economics, biology, and medicine, where they play a crucial role in optimizing the performance of dynamic ...

The potential of quantum computers is currently thwarted by a trade-off problem. Quantum systems that can carry out complex operations are less tolerant to errors and noise, while systems that are ...

Metro trains have non-linear load characteristics, which means that the power sent to them gets distorted. Problems are caused by changes in power, swells, harmonics, and other disturbances. In this ...