The AI-based program AlphaFold predicts a protein's 3D structure with remarkable accuracy. However, it tends to reduce heterogeneous structures to a single dominant conformation, or shape, and ...

Looped language model training cannot control hidden-state norm growth because RMSNorm normalizes scale away before the loss sees it. A paper posted today on arXiv identifies this readout blind spot, ...

As artificial intelligence (AI) models are increasingly capable of producing more life-like content, there has been an understandable hesitancy regarding “deepfakes” and their potential negative ...

While there have been some notable successes with program verification systems, a the use of such systems is still perceived as a niche activity for the most critical and specialized projects. 1, 23, ...

1 On our inability to do much. 4 On the reliability of mechanisms. 8 On our mental aids. 15 An example of a correctness proof. 19 On the validity of proofs versus the validity of implementations. 21 ...

In this work, we introduce signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) based fault detection and identification mechanisms for a networked control system feedback loop, where the network component is represented by ...

This article provides a theory for provably safe and computationally efficient distributed constrained control, and describes an application to a swarm of nano-quadrotors with limited on-board ...

Ultrasound is a flexible and powerful medical imaging tool. However, variations in organ tissue structure cause propagating waves to undergo unexpected phase shifts, resulting in aberration (blurring) ...

Surface soil moisture plays a crucial role on the terrestrial water, energy, and carbon cycles. Characterizing its variability in space and time is critical to increase our capability to forecast ...

Syntex-guided synthesis formalizes the computational problem of searching for a program expression that meets both syntactic and logical constraints. A wide variety of problems, such as programming by ...

Algorithms that decompose a manifold into simple pieces reveal the geometric and topological structure of the manifold, showing how complicated structures are constructed from simple building blocks.