Abstract: Aging or heart disease can damage the natural ability of setting correct pace in human heartbeat. In such situations, an electronic device known as pacemaker generator is used to regulate ...

There are several methods to control a heart rate, such as electrical stimulation and drug administration. However, these methods may be invasive or affect other organs. Recently, an optogenetic-based ...

Abstract: The purpose of this manuscript is to develop a reaction-diffusion heart model for closed-loop evaluation of heart-pacemaker interaction, and to provide a hardware setup for the ...