Transistors, small semiconductor-based switches that control the flow of electricity, are central components of all electronic devices, from computers to smartphones, wearables, sensors and smart ...

This research article provides a circuit illustration of a grounded memristor emulator. An operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) is one of its active components, along with two transistors and ...

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The bistable multivibrator is one of those basic circuits which you might have learnt about in your high school or college, and you probably have built one with 555 timers or with discrete components ...

This 5-color LED flasher circuit can be built using the popular 555 timer and 4017 decade counter ICs. It does not require any expensive components like a microcontroller. The timer IC is used as an ...

Ultrasonic dog whistles are used in situations where the owner would like to give commands to the dog, and that will only be heard by the dog – for example for training purposes. The circuit described ...

In the present century, if we look around in the surrounding, we will find that most of the things that operate on electricity are made automated so that less human effort is required. Engineers are ...