This study aims to develop a comprehensive parametric model for quantifying and predicting political conflicts through mathematical analysis. It addresses the need for objective tools to assess the ...

Particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is an optimization technique with remarkable performance for problem solving. The convergence analysis of the method is still in research. This article ...

Today, the People's Republic of China is North Korea's only ally on the world stage, a tightly knit relationship that goes back decades. Both countries portray their partnership as one of "brotherly ...